Running head: COMMUNISM AND SOCIALISM 1

COMMUNISM AND SOCIALISM 5

POLI 103 Midterm Exam

Maryanne Cliche

Yuanhuizi Yin

02191037

Communism and Socialism

Socialism refers to a social organization of an economic and a political theory that champions for production means, exchange, and distribution should be regulated or owned by the entire community (Williams, 2016). Cuban system of leadership is in line with socialism. In Cuba, the government owns most of the means of production, and this characterizes socialism. A very small percentage of production means is owned by individuals. Most of the employments is done by the government with just 22% employed by the private sector as of 2006. The Cuban government is paid when a private firm hires a Cuban; the Cuban government, in turn, pays the individual.

Cuban politics is based on socialist factors. In Cuba, political parties are not allowed to campaign or nominate candidates as this is done by the public referendum (Gordy, 2015). The Island is led by a prime minister who is elected by the assembly and serves for a period of five years, and there are no limits on the number of terms he/she can serve. In Cuba, most of the means of transport are owned by the government, and the costs of traveling are relatively low. It is the government that owns means of distribution. Cuba’s economy is not controlled by the laws of demand and supply, but it is controlled by the government, which is planning authority that is central.

Socialism is also practiced in India. Indian socialism is a movement that was founded in the 20th-century, and it is political. The movement gained popularity faster because it was supporting the Indian laborers and farmers against the zamindars. In 1936 India adapted socio-economic polices. After independence, landlords gave land to farmworkers freely and peacefully. In India, most factors of production are owned and controlled by the government.

India has an industrial policy that is focused on reducing the concentration of economic strength in the control of a few people (Rajagopalan, 2015). India has a free trade policy, which is a characteristic of socialism. The republic is also characterized by land reforms that focus on distributing land among the citizens reducing the land owned by big farmers and favoring small scale farmers.

Communism is considered a dying ideology because, in most countries, the constitution allows immigrants to acquire citizenship; hence once they are citizens, they can freely own land (Eberstadt, 2017). Communism advocates that land owned by immigrants should be confiscated; with the immigrants acquiring citizenship, this cannot be accomplished. The idea of communism of abolishing inheritance cannot be consumed by many as everyone prefers to inherit property from his/her people. Communism leads to monopoly, which inhibits innovation and creativity; hence the majority.

To shift terms there exist a couple of important matters that must take brought into explanation. First, this procedure for immigrants to gain conduct should remain more fair. At equals more beneficial to accept immigrants into the United States than the opposite because they provide benefits for both the United States (from an economic standpoint) and themselves (by increasing their standard of living) . Although the benefits will not be seen immediately, in the long run they are more useful. For instance, the children of illegal immigrants could become legal upstanding and contributing citizens through the education they acquire in the United States .

Because conduct constitutes this most almost significant mark of the migrant’s complete and equivalent rank at the public country, nations get typically made prerequisites intentionally up for developing it. At recent years, these requirements have been getting even tougher, with lengthy in-country waiting periods, higher fees and standards, and a widespread adoption of citizenship tests. Many countries see redesign of their citizenship policies and practices as a way to improve the integration of society’s newest members, the rationale being that more rigorous requirements ensure that new members of society have the tools needed to succeed.

Most nations provide some methods of developing their conduct besides first, , e.g., by naturalisation of legitimate immigrants or by family, but these circumstances put on much ability may be very restrictive. However, European countries that has a significant colonial history have all inherited problems from that past relating to the extent to which they are legally or morally obliged to offer the protection of their citizenship to inhabitants of their former colonies.s no longer for the idea.

Communism is also considered a dying ideology because there is no European country that is left practicing communism (Trotsky, 2017). The economy of Europe is doing well without communism; hence most countries would prefer to opt-out of communism ideas to see their economy grow like that of Europe. Another reason is that the US, the superpower country is always against communism and does everything possible, including wars, to prevent the expansion of communism.

Communism has ever existed in practice in countries like Russia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. Vietnam practiced communism since independence until 1975, when it was renamed as Socialist Republic of Vietnam Van (Canh, 2017). Vietnam developed land reforms, which suggested an execution for each 160 village residents. Vietnam did not allow immigrants to own land, and there was no inheriting of property during the communist period. The economy of Vietnam was not very good during this period. Communism in Vietnam led to war with the US (Wiest & McNab, 2016).

References

Eberstadt, N. (2017). The poverty of communism. Routledge.

Gordy, K. (2015). Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle and Practice. University of Michigan Press.

Rajagopalan, S. (2015). Incompatible institutions: socialism versus constitutionalism in India. Constitutional Political Economy, 26(3), 328-355.

Trotsky, L. (2017). Terrorism and communism: A reply to Karl Kautsky. Verso Books.

Van Canh, N. (2017). Vietnam under communism, 1975–1982. Hoover Press.

Wiest, A., & McNab, C. (2016). The Vietnam War. Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC.

Williams, R. (2016). Resources of Hope: Culture, democracy, socialism. Verso Books.