The Library Assignment attachment that I have included contains the citations for the exact sources that must be used and cited.  It must be in MLA format with a works cited page in alphabetical order at the end.  It must be a minimum of 7 pages and each number from below should be numbered and answered fully.

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you are to write a paper of approximately 7-8 pages in length where you complete each of the following tasks. Each item should be numbered and completed separately.

1. Briefly      name and identify your subject, focusing on the main reason for her importance. Think of this as      providing a meaningful introduction to your paper. Do not include      information in this introduction that is more appropriate to include in a      later section of the paper.
2. Tell      me why you selected this individual. This should be a personal and      thoughtful response.
3. Tell      me when this individual lived and name the period/topic/or event that we      studied in class with which she is associated.
4. Explain      what this individual accomplished to make her important to the history of      American women or to the advancement of women’s rights. You should      identify the factors or influences that caused her to become interested in      women’s issues, very specifically describe how she advanced the cause of      women throughout her work or career, and conclude with an assessment of      the lasting impact and influence of her life and work.
   • This should be the heart of your       paper and the longest part of it. Write this section as you would write a typical essay, with       appropriate paragraph construction, logical, coherent organization, and       in-text citations documenting the sources of your information. 
   • End       this section of the paper with a       thoughtful conclusion, where you relate your subject to the general       information you learned in class. Here I would like you to think about       some general points, such as these:
   • What       do the experiences of your subject reveal to us (or not reveal to us)       about the lives of other women in that time period? Was your subject       representative of other women of her day, or different from them in       significant ways? How did her social class or family background influence       the choices she made, or the opportunities available to her?
   • How       did your subject become conscious and aware of gender limitations? Was she targeted or vilified because       she was a woman, or did she achieve fame despite the fact she was a       woman? Would you call her a “feminist”? Why or why not?
   • Did       learning about your subject help you to develop a deeper appreciation for       American history in any way? For example, if your woman was involved in       the American Revolution or Civil War, did studying her life give you new       insights into those conflicts? If your woman was a suffrage leader, did       you come to value the vote more as you reflected upon her struggles?
5. In      this next section of the paper, I would like you to find and read a short      piece of writing produced by your individual. This excerpt may come from      an electronic database, from an anthology of collected primary sources in      American Women’s History, from History Online (which has a separate      category listing for primary sources), or from the primary sources      collected in your textbook. Remember that learning how to find sources is an objective of this      assignment. Once you find your      document, COPY AND PASTE a copy of the document you read to      this paper, and summarize the document by including the following points:

· Name, date, and identify the document

· Why was it written?

· Summarize it briefly

· What ideas about women’s rights or women’s experiences, problems, or roles are discussed in it?

· How does the document illustrate the main concerns of your subject?

1. In a      brief paragraph, explain how specific information we learned in class      helped you to understand the words/concepts/terms referenced in the source      materials you read. For example, if      your subject was Sarah Josepha Hale, explain how our class discussion of      the cult of true womanhood equipped you to understand the information      being presented in your research materials. If your subject was Sojourner      Truth, explain how our class discussion of women’s involvement in the      abolition movement provided a context that helped you to understand your      research.
2. In a      brief paragraph, explain how this project helped you to develop your      information literacy skills. What      did you learn how to do in this assignment that you did not know how to do      before? Did you learn anything about different types of research materials      from the choices and selections you made? Be specific.
3. Finally,      in a reflective conclusion, explain how doing this research helped you to      achieve one or more of the specific content goals of this      course. Do not discuss information literacy here, because you have already      discussed this in #7 above. Review      your course syllabus to remind you of other course goals. There are five      content-based goals in all.

Department of History and Political Science

Caldwell University

Dr. Marie Mullaney

Hi211

Spring 2020

BIOGRAPHY PROJECT ON A NOTABLE AMERICAN WOMAN

Assignment Goals

This assignment has several purposes, all related to the goals and objectives of the course. Not only will you learn specific factual information related to the history and experiences of American women, but this assignment is also designed to develop your competency in university-wide and department-based learning objectives. One of the global objectives of Caldwell’s core curriculum is information literacy. This means that students should know how to “select, utilize and document appropriate sources.” One of the goals of the Department of History and Political Science is that all majors know how to research a particular topic and produce a well written and organized paper using and correctly documenting appropriate sources. This assignment aims to have you do all these things.

The subject of the assignment will be a noteworthy American woman who made or is making a significant contribution to American society, government, history, or politics or who advanced the cause of women’s rights in some way. Certainly women have made key contributions to other fields, like music and the arts, for example, but I am steering you away from such selections because they are tangential to the subject matter of this course. Because an analysis of a piece of the individual’s writing will be a key component of this paper, the person you select must have left some sort of written memoir, record, or account of her views on women’s lives, women’s rights, or feminism.

You will be graded on the quality and depth of your research. Please do not rely extensively on class notes to do this assignment. You are encouraged to select a subject whose life and activities we did not discuss at length in class.

A list of recommended choices appears below. See me if you would like to do someone not on this list.

POSSIBLE SUBJECTS FOR THIS PAPER

Mary Ritter Beard

Mercy Otis Warren

Sarah or Angelina Grimke

Margaret Fuller

Lucretia Mott

Elizabeth Blackwell

Clara Barton

Lucy Stone

Louisa May Alcott

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Susan B. Anthony

Paulina Wright Davis

Amelia Bloomer

Victoria Woodhull

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Carrie Chapman Catt

Emma Goldman

Margaret Sanger

M. Carey Thomas

Judith Sargent Murray

Frances Willard

Inez Milholland

Crystal Eastman

Alice Paul

Lucy Burns

Jane Addams

Eleanor Roosevelt

Mary McLeod Bethune

Betty Friedan

Gloria Steinem

Bella Abzug

Shirley Chisholm

Hilary Clinton

Sandra Day O’Connor

Assignment Instructions

· All papers must be typed, double-spaced and a minimum of 7-8 pages long.

· All papers must have citations and a Works Cited page using MLA or Chicago/”Turabian” format. See detailed instructions below. APA format is NOT acceptable.

· You must email a copy of this paper to me by April 30. Late papers will be penalized. No papers will be accepted after the scheduled date for the final exam (May 7).

· I will be happy to discuss your paper with you in advance and to answer any questions you may have by phone. Send me your phone number and when you would like me to call.

· I will not, however, read or comment on complete preliminary drafts, nor can I make assessments or representations as to what the final grade will be on the paper you ultimately submit based on these preliminary discussions.

Finding Sources:

· Your paper must be based on a MINIMUM of three different sources.

· These must be QUALITY, SCHOLARLY sources, not internet sites.

· If at all possible, I would like one of these sources to be a full-length book. See if you can find an e-book about your topic.

· Your course textbook may contain valuable information and should be consulted, but you may not count it as one of these three minimum required sources.

· In addition to these sources, you will need to find an original, primary source document written by your subject. This is discussed in more detail below.

· Please study the ATTACHED POWERPOINTS very carefully. They discuss the research process and how to access electronic sources. The electronic databases available through Jennings Library contain content from standard reference books and typically have links to other possible sources.

· Additional sources may include a biography, a monograph on the time period, or a collection of articles about the person or time period.

· Wikipedia is NOT an acceptable scholarly source.

· Your final paper must demonstrate that you have used a minimum of three sources, and not relied exclusively on only one.

· IN SUMMARY: Final Paper must be based on THREE SOURCES PLUS a primary source written by your subject.

Writing the Paper:

After you have made your selection, you are to write a paper of approximately 7-8 pages in length where you complete each of the following tasks. Each item should be numbered and completed separately.

1. Briefly name and identify your subject, focusing on the main reason for her importance. Think of this as providing a meaningful introduction to your paper. Do not include information in this introduction that is more appropriate to include in a later section of the paper.

2. Tell me why you selected this individual. This should be a personal and thoughtful response.

3. Tell me when this individual lived and name the period/topic/or event that we studied in class with which she is associated.

4. Explain what this individual accomplished to make her important to the history of American women or to the advancement of women’s rights. You should identify the factors or influences that caused her to become interested in women’s issues, very specifically describe how she advanced the cause of women throughout her work or career, and conclude with an assessment of the lasting impact and influence of her life and work.

· This should be the heart of your paper and the longest part of it. Write this section as you would write a typical essay, with appropriate paragraph construction, logical, coherent organization, and in-text citations documenting the sources of your information.

· End this section of the paper with a thoughtful conclusion, where you relate your subject to the general information you learned in class. Here I would like you to think about some general points, such as these:

· What do the experiences of your subject reveal to us (or not reveal to us) about the lives of other women in that time period? Was your subject representative of other women of her day, or different from them in significant ways? How did her social class or family background influence the choices she made, or the opportunities available to her?

· How did your subject become conscious and aware of gender limitations? Was she targeted or vilified because she was a woman, or did she achieve fame despite the fact she was a woman? Would you call her a “feminist”? Why or why not?

· Did learning about your subject help you to develop a deeper appreciation for American history in any way? For example, if your woman was involved in the American Revolution or Civil War, did studying her life give you new insights into those conflicts? If your woman was a suffrage leader, did you come to value the vote more as you reflected upon her struggles?

5. In this next section of the paper, I would like you to find and read a short piece of writing produced by your individual. This excerpt may come from an electronic database, from an anthology of collected primary sources in American Women’s History, from History Online (which has a separate category listing for primary sources), or from the primary sources collected in your textbook. Remember that learning how to find sources is an objective of this assignment. Once you find your document, COPY AND PASTE a copy of the document you read to this paper, and summarize the document by including the following points:

· Name, date, and identify the document

· Why was it written?

· Summarize it briefly

· What ideas about women’s rights or women’s experiences, problems, or roles are discussed in it?

· How does the document illustrate the main concerns of your subject?

6. In a brief paragraph, explain how specific information we learned in class helped you to understand the words/concepts/terms referenced in the source materials you read. For example, if your subject was Sarah Josepha Hale, explain how our class discussion of the cult of true womanhood equipped you to understand the information being presented in your research materials. If your subject was Sojourner Truth, explain how our class discussion of women’s involvement in the abolition movement provided a context that helped you to understand your research.

7. In a brief paragraph, explain how this project helped you to develop your information literacy skills. What did you learn how to do in this assignment that you did not know how to do before? Did you learn anything about different types of research materials from the choices and selections you made? Be specific.

8. Finally, in a reflective conclusion, explain how doing this research helped you to achieve one or more of the specific content goals of this course. Do not discuss information literacy here, because you have already discussed this in #7 above. Review your course syllabus to remind you of other course goals. There are five content-based goals in all.

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The rest of this assignment sheet gives you detailed instructions on citation and documentation. Study this carefully when you prepare you FINAL paper.

Requirements for Citation and Documentation:

When using sources, be careful to write in your own words. Do not simply cut and paste information from the sources you find. Remember that plagiarism is a violation of the university’s Academic Integrity Policy! All the information you present must be documented, using internal citations throughout the body of the essay as well as a Works Cited page at the end of the paper. This means that as you write about your subject, you must indicate WITHIN THE BODY OF THE ESSAY where you obtained each piece of information you refer to. See instructions and samples below

All papers must contain BOTH internal citations and a final Works Cited page or “Bibliography” in MLA or Chicago/”Turabian”format. APA format is NOT acceptable! In completing your citations and bibliography, please refer to the information below. You should also feel free to contact one of the reference librarians in Jennings Library for assistance. They are available to chat with you electronically! Further assistance with citation and formatting is also available at the Caldwell University Academic Success Center and from the homepage of Jennings Library.

How to Cite Sources and Avoid Plagiarism:

All research papers are based on “sources” – the books, journals, documents, etc. that you use to assemble the information presented in your final paper. These sources must be “documented” or “cited” in a certain way as agreed to by scholars. The purposes of citation are several:

· To allow a reader to fact check the information you provide;

· To give appropriate credit to the author of the work cited;

· To ensure that the work you submit is your own (i.e. to guard against plagiarism).

One of the goals of this assignment is to strengthen your skills in locating sources, using sources, and in DOCUMENTING the sources you use. Failure to properly acknowledge sources is PLAGIARISM. The word “plagiarism” comes from a Latin word which means “to steal”. Using someone else’s words or ideas as your own is stealing, a serious academic offense and a violation of the university’s Academic Integrity policy.

· It is not enough merely to present a Bibliography or Works Cited page at the end of your paper without specifically citing your sources within the body of the paper itself. Citations must appear throughout the body of your paper, specifically indicating where each fact or piece of information came from. Internal citations (author’s last name and page number, if available) must be used within the paper for identifying the source where you obtained specific information.

· If you use material taken exactly, word-for-word, from another source you must put the information in quotation marks and cite the source. Note, however, that a good paper is not simply a string of quotations. A good paper should be in your own words and reflect your own understanding. Only use quotations if they are absolutely essential to support a point you are making.

· If you use material from another source and change the wording somewhat, you are still using someone else’s IDEAS. Therefore, you must still cite the source of the idea or interpretation even if you are not using a direct quotation.

· Information that is common knowledge, such as “Most women could not vote until the 20th century”, or “Eleanor Roosevelt was a famous First Lady”, does not have to be cited since this is basic information that most people are familiar with.

· You must, however, cite less well-known data, information, ideas, assessments, or interpretation that you use to develop your paper. So, for example, if your source says Jane Addams made five key contributions to women’s advancement, you must cite this information.

· The key principle is this: whenever there is any doubt in your mind as to whether you are crossing the line into plagiarism, cite your source.

· You should be able to explain everything that appears in your paper. This includes all vocabulary, imagery, examples, comparisons, or explanations. If you cannot explain a word, phrase, image or concept that appears in your paper, this is an indication that you are presenting someone else’s ideas as your own and therefore you are guilty of plagiarism.

· Look for the internal citations (author’s last name and page number) within this sample:

SAMPLE: HOW TO USE INTERNAL CITATIONS

Throughout his seventy-one years of life, Socrates had many accomplishments that made him noteworthy in history. His main goal was to have the Athenian people examine their own self and soul more closely. The philosopher was “prepared to devote all his time to an examination of human conduct, in the conviction that life was not a meaningless chaos or the heartless jest of an unfeeling higher power but had a definite direction and purpose” (Guthrie, 165). Socrates attempted to teach people that each of their lives were important and meaningful; not intended to follow a higher human power. He reasoned that “the eye of the mind is not blind, but in most people it is looking the wrong way. To educate is to convert or turn it round so that it looks in the right direction” (Guthrie, 168). The wise man was referring to the new way Athenians should perceive their superiors.

In addition, Socrates wanted to educate the people of Athens with his Socratic method. He asked questions to his fellow citizens that related to topics of “the future of Athens or making clear such abstracts as justice, truth, goodness, or beauty” (Turlington, 156). This process of questions and answers enabled people to think. They were challenged to consider subjects and ideas they had never before discussed. This was a “method to be applied to health and recreation as well as to beliefs and principles” (Turlington, 194). The Athenian government soon discovered its citizens were questioning unchallenged assumptions. With Socrates serving as a subversive, or weakening, in society, he was put on trial where he was found guilty of corruption and put to death.

Following his life, the philosopher was recognized in many special ways. Among these ways, Cicero explains, was his ability to take philosophy and “‘to locate it in the cities and lead it into [men’s] homes and compel it to ask questions about life, morals, and matters good and bad’” (qtd. in Turlington, 182). Socrates made such an impact on the Ancient world that he was able to bring his teachings into the homes of his fellow citizens and make a change. Those philosophers who came before him were known as the “pre-Socratics” (Turlington, 182). One saw how greatly he impacted history.

Although he was significantly esteemed, Socrates’ legacy had a profound influence on our Western Heritage, as well. It was known that his actions and mannerisms spoke louder than his words; however, when he did speak, he had the “consistency and integrity with which he followed his own conscience rather than adopting any belief or legal enactment simply because it was accepted . . .” (Guthrie, 165). It was absolutely amazing how Socrates was determined to express his thoughts and opinions in a society that rejected this behavior. This paved the way for many uprisings and revolts that have shaped our history, as well.

How to do a Bibliography or Works Cited Page

· Notice that “citations” mean the specific place where you found that piece of information. The Works Cited page (also known as a “Bibliography”) is a list of ALL the sources you used in writing the paper. Any works, including your textbook, that you may have looked at in preparing your paper should be included here. The Works Cited page or Bibliography appears at the very end of your paper.

· The most important point, however, is that any item you included as an internal citation MUST also be listed in the Works Cited or Bibliography page, so that the reader can “match up” the internal citation with the full identification of the source listed at the end of the paper.

In this sample Works Cited page, notice how the author’s last names “match up” with the internal citations given in the essay above.

Critchley, Simon. The Book of Dead Philosophers. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.

Guthrie, W.K.C. Socrates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.

Sacks, David. “Socrates.” Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World, Revised Edition.

Revised by Lisa R. Brody. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 2005. Ancient and Medieval History Online. Facts on File, Inc. (accessed November 25, 2011).

Turlington, Bayly. Socrates: Father of Western Philosophy. New York: Franklin Watts,

Inc., 1969.

BASIC GUIDELINES FOR A WORKS CITED PAGE

· The basic format for a book is as follows:

Author [last name, first name]. Book Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, date.

· The basic format for an article is as follows:

Author. “Title of article.” Title of Journal. Volume number (Date): Pages.

Epstein, Joseph. “Who Killed Poetry?” Commentary 86.2 (Aug. 1988): 13-20.

· The basic format for an article or chapter in an edited book is as follows:

Author. “Title of Essay.” Title of Collection, edited by Editor Name(s). Publisher, Year, Page range of entry.

Example:

Lawrence, James. A., and Alfred Dodds. “Goal-Directed Activities and Life-Span Development.” Handbook of Developmental Psychology, edited by John Valsiner and Kare Connolly. Heinemann, 2000. pp. 24-34.

· The basic format for citation of electronic sources is as follows:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. “Entry Title.” Book Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Publication Year. Database Name. Database Company. Medium of publication consulted. Date Consulted.

Example:

Bunsen, Matthew. “Augustine, Saint.” Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2002. Ancient and Medieval History Online. Facts On File, Inc. (accessed June 22, 2011).

How to Cite Electronic Sources

· A URL or web address IS NOT a source

· DO NOT DO THIS!!!!!

http://www.fofweb.com.ezproxy.caldwell.edu:2048/history/reference.asp?id=17213

· All sources must include specific information – author, title of actual entry, collection, date accessed

· The most basic entry for a website consists of the author name(s), page title, website title, sponsoring institution/publisher, date published, medium, and date accessed.

· Last Name, First Name. “Page Title.” Website title . Sponsoring Institution/Publisher, Publication Date. Medium. Date Accessed.

· Smith, John. “Obama inaugurated as President.” CNN.com. Cable News Network,

21 Jan. 2009. Web. 1 Feb. 2009.

MLA guidelines have been inconsistent on including URLs in a Works Cited page. URLs can be very long, are subject to change, and may become outdated. Users are more likely to find an article now by searching titles or author names. It is my recommendation that you not include the URL in your bibliographic entry, but you will not be penalized for doing so. If you choose to include a URL, place it after the date of access (and its subsequent period) by enclosing it in angle brackets. Place a period after the angle brackets.

· Smith, John. “Obama inaugurated as President.” CNN.com. Cable News Network, 21 Jan. 2009. Web. 1 Feb. 2009. <www.cnn.com/POLITICS/01/21/obama_inaugurated/index.html>.