Describe the effect that the presidential doctrine has had on regional or global affairs since it was announced during the Cold War

CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL PRO POL300008VA016-1206-001
WEEK 9
WEEK 9 ASSIGNMENT 2
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Due DateMonday, September 7, 20209:00 AMPoints Possible135
Presidential Doctrines_Asst_1& 2 POL300.docxlist Presidents Cold War Doctrines.docx
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Assignment 2: Current Events and U.S. Diplomacy
Due Week 9 and worth 135 points
Draw from the information gained in your first research paper and expand your research to follow up in a new paper. Write three to four (3-4) new pages that address the following:
1. Define presidential doctrine and summarize the regional or global events during the Cold War leading up to the formation of the presidential doctrine you wrote about in Assignment 1.
2. Select one country you wrote about in Assignment 1 and describe the Cold War relationship that existed between the country you selected and the U.S. before the presidential doctrine was announced.
3. Describe the relationship that currently exists between the U.S. and the country you selected in section (2) above.
4. Describe the effect that the presidential doctrine has had on regional or global affairs since it was announced during the Cold War.
5. Assess whether the presidential doctrine you wrote about in Assignment 1 had had the intended effect of altering the behavior of the country you selected in section (2) above in the time since the doctrine was first announced.
6. Cite at least four (4) reputable sources in addition to the textbook, not including Wikipedia, encyclopedias, or dictionaries.
7. To help you understand this assignment further, the following description and examples may be useful.
  Step 1: Define a doctrine and identify why a president would want to announce one. A doctrine is an ideological platform that a president uses to advance a policy towards a country or region in order to accomplish foreign policy goals for the United States, so you will need to expand on this theme.
  Refer back to Assignment 1 and build on whatever doctrine you wrote about then. Say, for example, you selected the Truman Doctrine. Therefore, this is the only thing you will write about in Assignment 2 step 1.
  Step 2: Select one country you wrote about in Assignment 1 and describe the Cold War relationship that existed between it and the U.S. before the presidential doctrine was announced.
  In the case of Truman, you would pick either the Soviet Union, Greece, or Iran, because all three were affected by his doctrine. If you are writing about the Eisenhower Doctrine, you would choose Lebanon or Egypt; if you wrote about the Kennedy Doctrine, you would have write about Cuba or Vietnam; if your wrote about the Nixon Doctrine, you would choose either Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, or Iran; if you chose Carter, you would select either Iran or Afghanistan; and if you wrote about the Reagan Doctrine, you would select Nicaragua, Angola, Russia, or Afghanistan (although there were several others).
  Step 3: Describe what effect the presidential doctrine you chose has had on regional or global affairs since it was announced during the Cold War.
  That is, how did the doctrine change the status quo regionally or globally after it was announced by the U.S.? What happened in Western Europe after the Truman Doctrine was announced? What happened in the Middle East after the Eisenhower Doctrine was announced? What happened with Cuba or Vietnam after Kennedy offered up his doctrine of flexible response? What happened in Southeast Asia or the Persian Gulf after the Nixon Doctrine went in effect? What happened in the Middle East after the Carter Doctrine was announced? What happened in Central America or Africa or the Middle East after Reagan announced his doctrine?
  Step 4: Refer back to the country you selected in step two and describe the relationship that currently exists between the U.S. and that country.
  How has the relationship changed between the U.S. and that country since the doctrine was announced?
  Step 5: Evaluate whether the presidential doctrine had had the intended effect of altering the behavior of the one country you selected in section (2) above since the doctrine was first announced.
  Your assignment must:
- Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
- Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.
- The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
- Identify the cultural, economic, and political context of information resources, and interpret information in light of that context.
- Use technology and information resources to research issues in international problems.
- Write clearly and concisely about international problems using proper writing mechanics.
- Click here to view the grading rubric.
  Writing Tips:
- Library resources on politics: Get free access to Newspapers and Magazines for political science topics
  and current events here in the Strayer Library: https://strayer.libguides.com/politicalscience
- Get all information on research, writing formatting, SWS style, and citation here: https://library.strayer.edu/home
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Running header: TRUMAN DOCTRINE 1

Truman Doctrine

Melissa Stowe

Strayer University

08/14/2020

TRUMAN DOCTRINE 2

The Truman Doctrine

The doctrine was a policy that was used by America to manage the Soviet geopolitical

during the period of the cold war. Truman doctrine was introduced to congress by the

then-president Harry S. Truman in the year 1947. However, it was further developed in the

year 1948 when the president pledged to mitigate the uprising of the communists in both

Greek and Turkey. There is a need to understand the Truman doctrine as it became the basis

of American foreign policy (“Milestones: 1945–1952,” 2017). Therefore, this paper will

discuss the doctrine and its implications to other nations.

Under the principles of the doctrine, direct military conquest was not allowed by

congress. However, financial aid was approved to support the militaries of Turkey and

Greece. The Communist government that was threatened during this period was supported by

money and equipment to fight in the war. President Harry S. Truman advocated for the

support to free people who were being pressured by the outside armed groups. Historians

regard the speech by Truman as the initiating factor of the cold war. After the formation of

the doctrine, a military alliance was formed in the year 1949. The address by Truman was

made during the Greek Civil war. The president insisted that if the Greek and Turkey would

not have received the support they required to fight in the war, then they would fall to the

communists. Greek and Turkey falling to communism would have impacts in the region.

In May 1947, the president signed the Truman doctrine into law that was to be used

by the country. As a result of this, America donated $400 million as economic and military

aid to Greece and Turkey. However, the aid that was provided by the Americans acted as a

replacement of the British aid that was not in the position to support the war. Before 1947 the

British had the policy to contain the opposition to communist in Greece (“Truman Doctrine

and the Marshall Plan (article),” 2017). Truman doctrine was formally extended to form the

TRUMAN DOCTRINE 3

American cold war policy that was used around the world. Moreover, the doctrine also

shifted the foreign policy of America to the containment of communist pressures. The

introduction of the doctrine by President Truman has impacts on both America and other

nations of the world.

As a result of the doctrine, the Greeks were able to defeat the communist nations. The

Americans provided support to the Greeks that they were to use to fight the pressure groups

that were influencing the operation. Another consequence of the Truman doctrine is that it

increased the rift between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. The Soviet

Union supported communism while the United States was opposed to such organizations. As

a result of the pressure from these factors, the world was divided into two groups, communist

and non-communist groups.

Furthermore, the doctrine enabled the United States of America to be involved in European

affairs. The American Foreign Policy that was created due to the doctrine was used to form

NATO, which is a military alliance. The alliance was used to solve problems of the European

countries that had existed. Also, the policy enabled the United States to decide on the

Marshall and Stalin set up (“Truman Doctrine: Origins and significance, 1947,” 2018). The

plan was to help the European countries that were willing to participate in the organization.

Initially, the country was not decided on whom to support, but the doctrine gave them a

significant boost on whom to support.

Also, another consequence of the doctrine is that after World War II, China was not

safe due to the pressures of communist nations. The doctrine was used to aid China in

fighting the war they had with North Korea. The US also urged the United Nations to help

China fight its enemies. Moreover, in the 9/11 attacks by the United States to Afghanistan

and Iraq, the doctrine was used. As a result of this war, more causalities were recorded, but

TRUMAN DOCTRINE 4

the United States was preventing the invasion of the other groups. Additionally, the doctrine

also has impacts on other European countries that supported communism. Italy and France

are communist countries that we’re encouraged to keep out of the movement (“Marshall Plan

and Molotov plan | History of western civilization II,” 2018). The move was to keep the

opposition groups that were in Eastern Europe not to exist.

In conclusion, the Truman doctrine was advanced by President Harry S. Truman in

1947. The purpose of the doctrine was to quest the rising powers of the communist countries.

Through the doctrine, the United States was able to support the Greeks during their civil war

with $ 400 million. One benefit of the doctrine is that it maintained the political stability of

the Middle East. Through the support they provided to Greek during the civil war that they

had, it prevented interruptions by the communist countries. Moreover, the doctrine enabled

countries to be independent and free from invasions by the communists. Therefore, the

doctrine obeyed political independence and democracy of individual countries. Also, the

benefit of the doctrine is that it leads to the formation of NATO, which is a military alliance.

The union has been in existence since the introduction of the Truman doctrine. However,

though the doctrine has its benefits, it also has its limitations. One of the drawbacks of the

doctrine is that it strained the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union advocated for communism while America was against, thus leading to the

rift between the two.

The increased tension in the world as a result of the doctrine intervention on

communism proved that there were divisions in the world. Marshall Plan that was introduced

by the doctrine made the other European countries to have drifted on the policies of the

United States. Other countries that advocated for communism looked for avenues that they

could use to fight back the American ideologies. Due to the rifts that were occurring in the

TRUMAN DOCTRINE 5

world, there was a rise in the cold war that occurred between the communist and

non-communists. Therefore, the Truman doctrine is an essential factor in the rise of the cold

war in the world.

References The Marshall Plan and Molotov plan | History of western civilization II. (2018). Lumen

Learning – Simple Book Production. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-hccc-worldhistory2/chapter/the- marshall-plan-and-molotov-plan/

Milestones: 1945–1952. (2017). Office of the Historian. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/truman-doctrine

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan (article). (2017). Khan Academy. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/postwarera/postwar- era/a/start-of-the-cold-war-part-2

The Truman Doctrine: Origins and significance, 1947. (2018). SpringerLink. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-349-20503-5_3

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-hccc-worldhistory2/chapter/the-marshall-plan-and-molotov-plan/

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/truman-doctrine

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/postwarera/postwar-era/a/start-of-the-cold-war-part-2

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-349-20503-5_3